---
title: 电机控制 - 欧拉利
description: 直流与无刷电机控制基础：PWM调速、正反转与刹车控制方法及驱动器选型要点，EURARI技术指南。
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介绍电机与齿轮箱产品组合技术信息⑧，电机的控制

### 1、通过抗阻来控制

在电源和电机间串联加进电阻，通过电阻值增加来进行电流控制，控制电机转数。该控制可以通过使用可变抗阻，改变线型电机特性。

![](https://eurari.com/images/support/2509/Control-by%20resistance-article.png)

### 2、制动动作（短路制动）

采用电机端子间强制短路停止的方法，可以缩短电机停止时间。该控制可以产生强力的制动作用。（R＝0时为最大制动）。

![](https://eurari.com/images/support/2509/Motor-braking-Short-cirbrakecuit-method-article.png)

### 3、通过晶体三极管来进行DC直流电机的双向驱动

使用NPN、PNP 晶体三极管，通过H桥电路的开关来进行双向驱动电机

![](https://eurari.com/images/support/2509/Bidirectional-driving-of-DC-motors-by-transistors-article.png)

### 4、PWM控制

PWM控制的基本原理是将周期设定为固定，通过改变脉冲占空比(Duty Cycle)来调节施加于电机上的平均电压，从而控制其转速。**PWM频率的选择同样至关重要。建议使用20kHz以上的频率以避免听觉噪声，并减小导致电机额外发热的电流纹波。**  
![](https://eurari.com/images/support/2509/PWM-control-article-1.png)

![](https://eurari.com/images/support/2509/PWM-control-article-2.png)

![](https://eurari.com/images/support/2509/PWM-control-article-3.png)

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